Area involved · Cruciate ligament (ACL)
3D anatomical model: Male Full Body Ecorche by Diego Luján García, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (colours changed).
What is it
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) stabilises the knee, especially during changes of direction. Tears are common in sports such as football, basketball, skiing and volleyball.
What can cause it
- Changes of direction or landing from a jump
- Twisting injuries with the foot planted
- Fatigue and reduced neuromuscular control
How we treat it
- Preparation for surgery (pre-habilitation) when planned
- Post-operative rehabilitation in phases, based on criteria and not just time
- Strengthening, plyometrics and running training
- Functional tests to decide on a safe return to sport
What to expect
Returning to sport usually takes 9–12 months. Each phase has measurable goals: you move on to the next when they are met.
How to prevent it
- Neuromuscular injury prevention programmes
- Jump, landing and change-of-direction training
Do I need rehabilitation?
Yes: whether treated surgically or conservatively, rehabilitation is the core of recovery.
This page is for information only and does not replace an individual clinical assessment.